I would think this would be determined by Hipaa and state laws. I found this information on the web.
http://virtualmentor.ama-assn.org/2005/03/pfor1-0503.html
All states have laws which permit minors to consent to one or more of the listed
services, but there is tremendous variability among state laws, and most states
do not have laws for every situation. While state laws cover alcohol and drug
abuse, some specify only one or the other. Some states prohibit disclosure to
parents, some leave this to the physician's discretion, and others require
disclosure under certain circumstances. The Center for Adolescent Health and the
Law recently published a compendium of state laws that address confidentiality
and consent [14].
States Determine Confidentiality Rights of US Teens
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA),
which took effect in 2002, protects confidentiality for minors under some
circumstances. Parents (and guardians) have control over health information and
access to it for nonemancipated minor children except in situations (like those
described above) in which minors are legally able to consent to health care.
This federal law, however, defers to state laws which either allow or prohibit
disclosure of confidential information to parents or guardians [15,16]. If a
state law requires a physician to disclose information to a parent, HIPAA allows
the physician to do so. If a state law permits, but does not require, the
physician to disclose information to a parent, HIPAA allows physician discretion
on the matter. If state law prohibits disclosure of information to a parent, the
physician may not disclose without the minor's permission. If there is no state
law, a physician has discretion about disclosing to a parent who requests
information [17].
